Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognized as critical mediators in the pathogenesis of fungal infections, particularly those caused by Cryptococcus species—opportunistic pathogens responsible for life-threatening diseases in immunocompromised individuals. While structural models of fungal EVs have been proposed, they often overlook the natural heterogeneity within EV populations.
Although the identification and functional analysis of EV subpopulations have been well explored in mammalian systems—and to a lesser extent in plants—this area remains underexplored in fungi. In this study, we isolated and characterized EVs from Cryptococcus using a combination of size-, weight-, and density-based separation techniques, allowing us to resolve distinct EV subpopulations.
Importantly, we identified a previously uncharacterized small EV population, currently undergoing functional investigation. Preliminary data suggest this subpopulation may carry unique molecular signatures, with several candidates showing promise as biomarkers. Given the established roles of Cryptococcus-derived EVs in host–pathogen interactions, immune modulation, and the dissemination of virulence factors, these findings could significantly enhance our understanding of fungal pathogenesis.
Ultimately, by revealing new layers of EV diversity, our work aims to facilitate the development of targeted biomarkers for early detection and to support novel therapeutic strategies focused on EV-mediated processes.

Paris postdoc seminar series